When vapor pressure is equal to the atmospheric pressure, water boils. At which segment or segments is the substance average kinetic energy increasing? Set E: Phase change diagram Objective: To test your ability to interpreted phase change diagrams. Explain your answer. 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 40 42 44. Is the total length of time it took for the substance to change from liquid to solid? The given heating curve represents a substance in phases solid, liquid, and gas. B C. Temperature ( o C) 50. At what temperature are the solid and liquid phases exist at equilibrium? All AP Chemistry Resources. Therefore we are looking for a segment that is flat (because the potential energy is increasing) and that is between the liquid and gas phases. Therefore there is a mix of molecules during segments 2 and 4.
Copyright©2010 E3 Scholastic Publishing. Rather, this added heat energy is used to break the intermolecular forces between molecules/atoms and drive phase changes. So, the kinetic energy is increasing during segments 1, 3, and 5. 140 C. Temperature ( o C) 120 D. 80. The formula becomes: Example Question #4: Energy Of Phase Changes. Topics for each state include: pressure conversions, relationship between Kelvin and kinetic energy, phase changes, intermolecular forces, types of solids, phase diagrams and much more! In this case, gas phase is the highest energy phase, and liquids is the next highest. Is impossible to determine. In the given heating curve, which segment(s) correlate to a mixture of phases?
At which segment or segments is the substance exists in two phases? So, the potential energy of the molecules will increase anytime energy is being supplied to the system but the temperature is not increasing. The specific heat capacity of water is, and water's heat of fusion is. The total energy requirement to heat a given amount of steam is found by mulitplying the the number of moles to be vaporized by the energy of vaporization per mole. However, in the event of a phase change (water melts at 273K), the heat of fusion or vaporization must be added to the total energy cost. Which segment or segments represents a time when the substance is in one phase? Increasing temperature means that vapor pressure increases as well. Therefore only the segments that are at an incline will have the substance in just one phase.
What is the phase or phases of the substance during segment C? Using the heat curve, define the segment time(s) that the kinetic energy of the substance is increasing. There is a lower heat of fusion at higher elevation. Water has a higher vapor pressure at high elevation. States of Matter - Intermolecular Forces, Kinetic Molecular Theory, Temperature, Pressure, Solids, Liquids, Gases, Distance learning, Remote learningThis bundle of lesson plans will teach your students about Kinetic Molecular Theory for solids, liquids, and gases. 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21. The atmospheric pressure is lower at high elevations.
Hydrogen bonds are easier to disrupt at high elevation. Therefore the substance is boiling during segment 4. The enthalpy of vaporization gives the amount of energy required to evaporate a liquid at its boiling point, in units of energy per mole. The atmospheric pressure is lower at high elevation, so water boils at a lower temperature. All Rights Reserved.
How much energy is required to boil 9 moles of liquid water at its boiling point, and what is the temperature of the water vapor product? How much heat did the substance lose to completely change from liquid to solid? The substance is losing heat at a rate of 155 Joules per minute. Potential energy of the substance remains constant during which segment or segments? What is the total length of time that the substance undergoes fusion? As condensation forms on a glass of ice water, the temperature of the air surrounding the glass __________. Finally, because liquids are higher in energy than solids, and lower in energy than gasses the middle slanted line must be the liquid phase.
Using the heating curve, determine which segment(s) relate to an increase in potential energy. When kinetic energy is increasing molecules are simply moving faster. Which segment represents only the liquid phase? Which segment represents the substance as it is boiling? Remember, temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy. What is the total length of the time that the substance exists only as a liquid? The higher the elevation, the denser water is. The flat areas of the graph represent areas in which heat is being added, but there is no corresponding increase in temperature. The following fomula gives the heat needed to generate a given temperature change for a substance of known specific heat capacity: where is the heat input in Joules, is the mass of the sample in grams, and is the specific heat capacity in. In the heating curve shown above, at what point do the molecules have the highest kinetic energy?
Page 19 - Surviving Chemistry Workbook Preview. The beginning of segment 5. What is the melting point of the substance? Why does water boil at a lower temperature at high elevation? In this case it is labeled as segment 3. Is the diagram a heating curve of water or of a different substance? Therefore the kinetic energy increases whenever the temperature is increasing.
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